卓越
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A widely-used survey instrument developed by Macan et al. (1990) to measure time management behaviors across four dimensions: goal-setting and prioritizing, time management mechanics, preference for organization, and perceived control of time. Used in 39+ empirical studies with high reliability (Cronbach's alpha 0.76-0.97).

A validated survey instrument developed by Britton and Tesser (1991) measuring time management through three sub-scales: short-range planning, long-range planning, and time attitude. Used in 25 empirical studies with high reliability (Cronbach's alpha 0.75-0.88).