The acute feeling of having too much to do and not enough time to do it, also termed time scarcity, time famine, or busyness. This phenomenon affects over 80% of employed Americans and has serious implications for health, wellbeing, and productivity, particularly impacting women who perform disproportionate amounts of unpaid household labor.
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Time Poverty
Time poverty refers to individuals' perceptions of lacking freely disposable time - the acute feeling of having too much to do and not enough time to do it. Also termed "time scarcity," "time famine," "time stress," "time pressure," "time crunch," or "busyness," this condition represents a modern epidemic affecting work-life balance and overall wellbeing.
The percentage of employed Americans feeling they "never have enough time" rose from 70% in 2011 to 80% in 2018. This "time poverty" is exacerbated by corporate cultures that idolize busyness as a status symbol, with research showing that people view busy individuals as important and impressive. However, this cultural glorification of busyness comes at a significant cost.
Recent systematic reviews reveal serious consequences of chronic time poverty:
Research found that the emotional toll of busyness affects over 87% of the working population, contributing to widespread stress and mental health challenges.
Women experience greater time poverty than men due to the combined burden of household and paid work. American women aged 15 and older perform an average of 5.7 hours per day of unpaid household and care work, compared to just 3.6 hours for men. Employed women spend 29% more time on unpaid household labor than their male counterparts, creating a "double shift" that intensifies time poverty.
Research suggests several approaches to addressing time poverty:
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